中国原料药企业进军伊朗市场路径和营销策略分析
摘要：伊朗作为中东的第二大经济体，人口超过8000万，其药品市场价值约40亿美元。伊朗所有进口的药品都需要在伊朗进行注册，并且受到伊朗IFDA的监管。目前，越来越多的伊朗制药企业从事原料药的生产，用以替代进口原料药。
关键词：伊朗；制药；原料药
引用文献一：
Trends in Iran Pharmaceutical Market
外文文献题目（中文翻译）：
伊朗制药市场的趋势
原文作者 Cheraghali Abdol Majid
单位 School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Management and Economic Research Center, Tehran, IR Iran.
伊朗是中东国家，其人口增长率约为1.3％，其人口在2016年已超过8000万。伊朗人口年轻，据报道，2013年，该国60％的人口年龄在30岁以下。由于人口增长率的大幅下降和预期寿命的增加，伊朗将在未来几十年内面临人口老龄化问题。伊朗是中东和北非（MENA）地区的第二大经济体，2015年的国内生产总值（GDP）估计为3937亿美元。该国的经济在很大程度上取决于石油，农业和服务业，而政府收入主要取决于石油的波动性收入。政府在包括制造和服务业在内的不同金融部门中明显或直接或间接的存在是伊朗当前金融部门的特征。
伊朗药品政策的所有方面，包括药品的生产、进口和分销，都受到伊朗食品和药品管理局（IFDA）的严格控制。1955年，伊朗通过了第一部关于食品和药品的议会法律。这项法律经过一些修改后仍然有效。因此，在进入伊朗市场之前，所有药品都应获得IFDA的注册和销售授权。在伊朗，药品价格也受到IFDA的监管。尽管近年来政府法规自由化，繁文缛节减少，但政府决策仍对该部门产生重大影响。
外文文献出处：Cheraghali Abdol Majid. Trends in Iran Pharmaceutical Market.[J]. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR,2017,16(1).2017, 16(1):1-7.
附外文文献原文
Keywords: Iran, Pharmaceutical, Pharmaceutical market trend analysis
Population of Iran as a Middle Eastern country with its population growth rate of about 1.3% has passed 80 million in 2016. Iran has a young population and it was reported that in 2013 sixty percent of its population was under the age of 30. However, due to a substantial decrease in population growth rate and increase in life expectancy, Iran will face an aging population in coming decades. With an estimated Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2015 of 393.7 billion USD Iran is the second largest economy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Countryrsquo;s economy depends heavily to oil, agriculture and services sectors and government incomes mainly depend to the oil volatile revenues. A noticeable direct or indirect presence of government in different financial sectors including manufacturing and services is a characteristic of Iran current financial sector.
All aspects of medicines policy including production, importation and distributions of medicines in Iran are under strict control of Iran Food and Drug Administration (IFDA). The first parliamentary law governing food and medicines in Iran was passed in 1955. This law with some modification is still in effect (4). Therefore all medicines should receive registration and marketing authorization from IFDA before entering the Iran market. In Iran medicine prices are also under regulation of the IFDA. Despite liberalization in governmental regulations and reduction of red tapes in recent years there is still substantial influence from governmental decisions on the sector.
引用文献二：
The impact of sanction and healthcare system reform on the healthcare performance and pharmaceutical market in Iran
外文文献题目（中文翻译）：
制裁和医疗体制改革对伊朗医疗绩效和医药市场的影响
原文作者 Saman Zartab, Nasrin Nassiri Koopaei, Hadi Abbasian 等
单位 Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran等
药品是医疗保健系统财政负担的主要来源之一。医疗系统和制药部门一直面临着HSEP的部分抵消效应和实施的制裁。伊朗的医药市场近年来发展迅速。1997-2010年，人口年均增长1.53%，但医药市场年均增长28.38%，人均药品消费量从2.28美元上升到34.43美元。尽管，药品支出是许多国家和决策者关注的问题，但在某些情况下，它变成了一场主要归因于制裁的国家危机。然而，药品进口占市场扩张的大部分，这表明增长可能是因为经济的其他蓬勃发展部门，特别是石化工业和石油收入缺乏可持续性。在此期间，国内生产增长1018%，进口增长4373%。值得注意的是，生物制药部门没有吸引显著的投资。本文试图阐述HSEP和制裁两个因素对伊朗医药市场的影响，以及市场不稳定时期的行业和市场演变。本研究主要以2001年以来的财务指标为基础，对医疗卫生系统的绩效及医药市场走势进行了调查。然后，我们试图找出两种变化模式之间的相关性，以了解市场的内在驱动力。
外文文献出处：Saman Zartab,Nasrin Nassiri Koopaei,Hadi Abbasian,Mansur Nassiri Koopaei,Nasser Nassiri Koopaei. The impact of sanction and healthcare system reform on the healthcare performance and pharmaceutical market in Iran; 2001-2016[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice,2020,13(1).
附外文文献原文
Keywords: Healthcare system reform, Pharmaceutical market trend analysis, Financial indicators, Performance assessment, Drug consumption
Pharmaceuticals is one of the major sources of financial burden on the healthcare system. The healthcare system and pharmaceutical sector have been facing the partially counteracting effects of the HSEP and the imposed sanctions. Iranian pharmaceutical market has grown rapidly in recent years. During 1997-2010, the population has grown 1.53% annually, but, the pharmaceutical market grew 28.38% per year and drug consumption per capita reached 34.43$ from 2.28$. Although, the pharmaceutical expenditure is a concern for many countries and policymakers, but, in certain situations, it turned into a national crisis attributed mostly to the sanctions. However, the pharmaceutical import accounted for the most part of the market expansion which indicates that the growth could have been because of other booming sectors of the economy, especially, petrochemical industry and oil revenues which lacked sustainability. In this period, domestic production grew 1018% while importation grew 4373%. Noteworthy, the biopharmaceutical sector did not attract remarkable investment. The current study tries to elaborate on the effects of the two aforementioned factors including HSEP and sanctions on the Iranian pharmaceutical market and the evolution of the industry and the market during the market instability period. This research investigates the healthcare system performance as well as the pharmaceutical market trend mostly based on the financial criteria from 2001. Then, we try to find the correlation between the two change patterns to understand the underlying driving forces in the market.
引用文献三：
Policies to improve access to pharmaceutical products in shortage: the experience of Iran food and drug administration
外文文献题目（中文翻译）：
改善短缺药品供应的政策：伊朗食品和药品管理局的经验
原文作者 Nazila Yousefi, Najmeh Moradi, Rassoul Dinarvand等
单位 Department of P
中国原料药企业进军伊朗市场路径和营销策略分析 摘要：伊朗作为中东的第二大经济体，人口超过8000万，其药品市场价值约40亿美元。伊朗所有进口的药品都需要在伊朗进行注册，并且受到伊朗IFDA的监管。目前，越来越多的伊朗制药企业从事原料药的生产，用以替代进口原料药。 关键词：伊朗；制药；原料药 引用文献一： Trends in Iran Pharmaceutical Market 外文文献题目（中文翻译）： 伊朗制药市场的趋势 原文作者 Cheraghali Abdol Majid 单位 School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Management and Economic Research Center, Tehran, IR Iran. 伊朗是中东国家，其人口增长率约为1.3％，其人口在2016年已超过8000万。伊朗人口年轻，据报道，2013年，该国60％的人口年龄在30岁以下。由于人口增长率的大幅下降和预期寿命的增加，伊朗将在未来几十年内面临人口老龄化问题。伊朗是中东和北非（MENA）地区的第二大经济体，2015年的国内生产总值（GDP）估计为3937亿美元。该国的经济在很大程度上取决于石油，农业和服务业，而政府收入主要取决于石油的波动性收入。政府在包括制造和服务业在内的不同金融部门中明显或直接或间接的存在是伊朗当前金融部门的特征。 伊朗药品政策的所有方面，包括药品的生产、进口和分销，都受到伊朗食品和药品管理局（IFDA）的严格控制。1955年，伊朗通过了第一部关于食品和药品的议会法律。这项法律经过一些修改后仍然有效。因此，在进入伊朗市场之前，所有药品都应获得IFDA的注册和销售授权。在伊朗，药品价格也受到IFDA的监管。尽管近年来政府法规自由化，繁文缛节减少，但政府决策仍对该部门产生重大影响。 外文文献出处：Cheraghali Abdol Majid. Trends in Iran Pharmaceutical Market.[J]. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR,2017,16(1).2017, 16(1):1-7. 附外文文献原文 Keywords: Iran, Pharmaceutical, Pharmaceutical market trend analysis Population of Iran as a Middle Eastern country with its population growth rate of about 1.3% has passed 80 million in 2016. Iran has a young population and it was reported that in 2013 sixty percent of its population was under the age of 30. However, due to a substantial decrease in population growth rate and increase in life expectancy, Iran will face an aging population in coming decades. With an estimated Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2015 of 393.7 billion USD Iran is the second largest economy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Countryrsquo;s economy depends heavily to oil, agriculture and services sectors and government incomes mainly depend to the oil volatile revenues. A noticeable direct or indirect presence of government in different financial sectors including manufacturing and services is a characteristic of Iran current financial sector. All aspects of medicines policy including production, importation and distributions of medicines in Iran are under strict control of Iran Food and Drug Administration (IFDA). The first parliamentary law governing food and medicines in Iran was passed in 1955. This law with some modification is still in effect (4). Therefore all medicines should receive registration and marketing authorization from IFDA before entering the Iran market. In Iran medicine prices are also under regulation of the IFDA. Despite liberalization in governmental regulations and reduction of red tapes in recent years there is still substantial influence from governmental decisions on the sector. 引用文献二： The impact of sanction and healthcare system reform on the healthcare performance and pharmaceutical market in Iran 外文文献题目（中文翻译）： 制裁和医疗体制改革对伊朗医疗绩效和医药市场的影响 原文作者 Saman Zartab, Nasrin Nassiri Koopaei, Hadi Abbasian 等 单位 Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran等 药品是医疗保健系统财政负担的主要来源之一。医疗系统和制药部门一直面临着HSEP的部分抵消效应和实施的制裁。伊朗的医药市场近年来发展迅速。1997-2010年，人口年均增长1.53%，但医药市场年均增长28.38%，人均药品消费量从2.28美元上升到34.43美元。尽管，药品支出是许多国家和决策者关注的问题，但在某些情况下，它变成了一场主要归因于制裁的国家危机。然而，药品进口占市场扩张的大部分，这表明增长可能是因为经济的其他蓬勃发展部门，特别是石化工业和石油收入缺乏可持续性。在此期间，国内生产增长1018%，进口增长4373%。值得注意的是，生物制药部门没有吸引显著的投资。本文试图阐述HSEP和制裁两个因素对伊朗医药市场的影响，以及市场不稳定时期的行业和市场演变。本研究主要以2001年以来的财务指标为基础，对医疗卫生系统的绩效及医药市场走势进行了调查。然后，我们试图找出两种变化模式之间的相关性，以了解市场的内在驱动力。 外文文献出处：Saman Zartab,Nasrin Nassiri Koopaei,Hadi Abbasian,Mansur Nassiri Koopaei,Nasser Nassiri Koopaei. The impact of sanction and healthcare system reform on the healthcare performance and pharmaceutical market in Iran; 2001-2016[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice,2020,13(1). 附外文文献原文 Keywords: Healthcare system reform, Pharmaceutical market trend analysis, Financial indicators, Performance assessment, Drug consumption Pharmaceuticals is one of the major sources of financial burden on the healthcare system. The healthcare system and pharmaceutical sector have been facing the partially counteracting effects of the HSEP and the imposed sanctions. Iranian pharmaceutical market has grown rapidly in recent years. During 1997-2010, the population has grown 1.53% annually, but, the pharmaceutical market grew 28.38% per year and drug consumption per capita reached 34.43$ from 2.28$. Although, the pharmaceutical expenditure is a concern for many countries and policymakers, but, in certain situations, it turned into a national crisis attributed mostly to the sanctions. However, the pharmaceutical import accounted for the most part of the market expansion which indicates that the growth could have been because of other booming sectors of the economy, especially, petrochemical industry and oil revenues which lacked sustainability. In this period, domestic production grew 1018% while importation grew 4373%. Noteworthy, the biopharmaceutical sector did not attract remarkable investment. The current study tries to elaborate on the effects of the two aforementioned factors including HSEP and sanctions on the Iranian pharmaceutical market and the evolution of the industry and the market during the market instability period. This research investigates the healthcare system performance as well as the pharmaceutical market trend mostly based on the financial criteria from 2001. Then, we try to find the correlation between the two change patterns to understand the underlying driving forces in the market. 引用文献三： Policies to improve access to pharmaceutical products in shortage: the experience of Iran food and drug administration 外文文献题目（中文翻译）： 改善短缺药品供应的政策：伊朗食品和药品管理局的经验 原文作者 Nazila Yousefi, Najmeh Moradi, Rassoul Dinarvand等 单位 Department of P
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中国原料药企业进军伊朗市场路径和营销策略分析 摘要：伊朗作为中东的第二大经济体，人口超过8000万，其药品市场价值约40亿美元。伊朗所有进口的药品都需要在伊朗进行注册，并且受到伊朗IFDA的监管。目前，越来越多的伊朗制药企业从事原料药的生产，用以替代进口原料药。 关键词：伊朗；制药；原料药 引用文献一： Trends in Iran Pharmaceutical Market 外文文献题目（中文翻译）： 伊朗制药市场的趋势 原文作者 Cheraghali Abdol Majid 单位 School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Management and Economic Research Center, Tehran, IR Iran. 伊朗是中东国家，其人口增长率约为1.3％，其人口在2016年已超过8000万。伊朗人口年轻，据报道，2013年，该国60％的人口年龄在30岁以下。由于人口增长率的大幅下降和预期寿命的增加，伊朗将在未来几十年内面临人口老龄化问题。伊朗是中东和北非（MENA）地区的第二大经济体，2015年的国内生产总值（GDP）估计为3937亿美元。该国的经济在很大程度上取决于石油，农业和服务业，而政府收入主要取决于石油的波动性收入。政府在包括制造和服务业在内的不同金融部门中明显或直接或间接的存在是伊朗当前金融部门的特征。 伊朗药品政策的所有方面，包括药品的生产、进口和分销，都受到伊朗食品和药品管理局（IFDA）的严格控制。1955年，伊朗通过了第一部关于食品和药品的议会法律。这项法律经过一些修改后仍然有效。因此，在进入伊朗市场之前，所有药品都应获得IFDA的注册和销售授权。在伊朗，药品价格也受到IFDA的监管。尽管近年来政府法规自由化，繁文缛节减少，但政府决策仍对该部门产生重大影响。 外文文献出处：Cheraghali Abdol Majid. Trends in Iran Pharmaceutical Market.[J]. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR,2017,16(1).2017, 16(1):1-7. 附外文文献原文 Keywords: Iran, Pharmaceutical, Pharmaceutical market trend analysis Population of Iran as a Middle Eastern country with its population growth rate of about 1.3% has passed 80 million in 2016. Iran has a young population and it was reported that in 2013 sixty percent of its population was under the age of 30. However, due to a substantial decrease in population growth rate and increase in life expectancy, Iran will face an aging population in coming decades. With an estimated Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2015 of 393.7 billion USD Iran is the second largest economy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Countryrsquo;s economy depends heavily to oil, agriculture and services sectors and government incomes mainly depend to the oil volatile revenues. A noticeable direct or indirect presence of government in different financial sectors including manufacturing and services is a characteristic of Iran current financial sector. All aspects of medicines policy including production, importation and distributions of medicines in Iran are under strict control of Iran Food and Drug Administration (IFDA). The first parliamentary law governing food and medicines in Iran was passed in 1955. This law with some modification is still in effect (4). Therefore all medicines should receive registration and marketing authorization from IFDA before entering the Iran market. In Iran medicine prices are also under regulation of the IFDA. Despite liberalization in governmental regulations and reduction of red tapes in recent years there is still substantial influence from governmental decisions on the sector. 引用文献二： The impact of sanction and healthcare system reform on the healthcare performance and pharmaceutical market in Iran 外文文献题目（中文翻译）： 制裁和医疗体制改革对伊朗医疗绩效和医药市场的影响 原文作者 Saman Zartab, Nasrin Nassiri Koopaei, Hadi Abbasian 等 单位 Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran等 药品是医疗保健系统财政负担的主要来源之一。医疗系统和制药部门一直面临着HSEP的部分抵消效应和实施的制裁。伊朗的医药市场近年来发展迅速。1997-2010年，人口年均增长1.53%，但医药市场年均增长28.38%，人均药品消费量从2.28美元上升到34.43美元。尽管，药品支出是许多国家和决策者关注的问题，但在某些情况下，它变成了一场主要归因于制裁的国家危机。然而，药品进口占市场扩张的大部分，这表明增长可能是因为经济的其他蓬勃发展部门，特别是石化工业和石油收入缺乏可持续性。在此期间，国内生产增长1018%，进口增长4373%。值得注意的是，生物制药部门没有吸引显著的投资。本文试图阐述HSEP和制裁两个因素对伊朗医药市场的影响，以及市场不稳定时期的行业和市场演变。本研究主要以2001年以来的财务指标为基础，对医疗卫生系统的绩效及医药市场走势进行了调查。然后，我们试图找出两种变化模式之间的相关性，以了解市场的内在驱动力。 外文文献出处：Saman Zartab,Nasrin Nassiri Koopaei,Hadi Abbasian,Mansur Nassiri Koopaei,Nasser Nassiri Koopaei. The impact of sanction and healthcare system reform on the healthcare performance and pharmaceutical market in Iran; 2001-2016[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice,2020,13(1). 附外文文献原文 Keywords: Healthcare system reform, Pharmaceutical market trend analysis, Financial indicators, Performance assessment, Drug consumption Pharmaceuticals is one of the major sources of financial burden on the healthcare system. The healthcare system and pharmaceutical sector have been facing the partially counteracting effects of the HSEP and the imposed sanctions. Iranian pharmaceutical market has grown rapidly in recent years. During 1997-2010, the population has grown 1.53% annually, but, the pharmaceutical market grew 28.38% per year and drug consumption per capita reached 34.43$ from 2.28$. Although, the pharmaceutical expenditure is a concern for many countries and policymakers, but, in certain situations, it turned into a national crisis attributed mostly to the sanctions. However, the pharmaceutical import accounted for the most part of the market expansion which indicates that the growth could have been because of other booming sectors of the economy, especially, petrochemical industry and oil revenues which lacked sustainability. In this period, domestic production grew 1018% while importation grew 4373%. Noteworthy, the biopharmaceutical sector did not attract remarkable investment. The current study tries to elaborate on the effects of the two aforementioned factors including HSEP and sanctions on the Iranian pharmaceutical market and the evolution of the industry and the market during the market instability period. This research investigates the healthcare system performance as well as the pharmaceutical market trend mostly based on the financial criteria from 2001. Then, we try to find the correlation between the two change patterns to understand the underlying driving forces in the market. 引用文献三： Policies to improve access to pharmaceutical products in shortage: the experience of Iran food and drug administration 外文文献题目（中文翻译）： 改善短缺药品供应的政策：伊朗食品和药品管理局的经验 原文作者 Nazila Yousefi, Najmeh Moradi, Rassoul Dinarvand等 单位 Department of P
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